Carbureting-lam p



A. K'ITSON. OARBURETING LAMP.

(No Model.)

No. 415,914. Patented Nov. 26, 1889.

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UNITED STATES PATENT @EFICE.

ARTHUR KITSON, OF PHILADELPHIA, PENNSYLVANIA.

CARBUIRETING-LAMP.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 415,914, dated November 26, 1889.

' Application filed May 29, 1888. Serial No. 275,416. (No model.)

To a ZZ 2071 0722 it nutty concern:

Be it known that I, ARTHUR KITSON, a subject of the Queen of Great Britain, residing at Philadelphia, in the county of Philadelphia and State of Pennsylvania, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Carbureting-Lamps; and I do hereby declare the following to be a full, clear, and exact description of the invention, such as will enable others skilled in the art to which it appertains to make and use the same.

This invention relates to carbureting gaslamps, adapted particularly for enriching a heavy combustible gas with the vapor of a solid crystalline hydrocarbon.

V While it is quite desirable to enrich and fit the low-grade combustible gasessuch as pro ducer gas or mixtures thereof-with Water-gas for illuminating purposes, it has been found impracticable to accomplish this object with the carb ureting attachments now in use, since they are constructed to conduct gas up to the burners from the carbureting-vessel, and are for enriching coal-gas requiring only a small addition of illuminants. Goal-gas possesses sufficient aflinity for the vapors of naphthaline used in these lamps to carry the proper proportion thereof up to the burners; but pro- .ducer gas, now largely used in manufacturing establishments for heating purposes, is not only almost Without illuminating qualities, but contains a comparatively large per cent. of nitrogen and other heavy gas, which have no aflinity for the hydrocarbon vapors, and will not, therefore, be enriched in the ordinary lamp to a sufficient degree to yield in combustion the necessary illuminating-power.

The object of my invention is, therefore, to

provide means, in addition to the gas itself, to conduct hydrocarbon fluid or vapors directly into the burner-tube and down to the burner, so as to produce a brilliant light in conjunction with the non-illuminating heating-gas.

Another object is to simplify the construe tion of the lamp'and make it compact and convenient to manipulate, and, further, to provide for quickly starting the carbureting operation after lighting the gas at the burner.

In carrying out my invention I provide an asbestus or other suitable fibrous capillary conductor for carrying the hydrocarbon fluid into the heated descending burner-tube, wherein the vapors given off mingle with the gas to be enriched, and flow readily therewith down to the burner. As soon as asmall amount of the solid hydrocarbon is melted in the receptacle it is carried by the capillary conductor in to the bu rner-tube, where the heat causes the carbureting operation to immediately commence. The heat-conducting plate is arranged to project from the top of the gassupply tube leading from the topof the carbureting-vessel down to the burner,and the latter is placed below the heat-conducting plate and adjacent .to the gas-supply tube, so that upon igniting gas at the burner the hydrocarbon which may have been retained in the capillary conductor will be immediately vaporized and serve to enrich or carburet the gas flowing to the burner and quickly furnish the desired illumination.

My invention is illustrated in the accompanying drawings, in which Figure 1 represents a vertical section of my improved carbu'reting gas-lamp. Fig. 2-

represents a sectional detail View of the three- Way valve used for conducting either carbureted or uncarbureted gas, or properly proportioned mixtures thereof, to the burner.

The carburetingvessel A is preferably cast in one piece, with the outward and inward tubular projections a a at the bottom, and with the ears aand heat-conducting plate D at the top. The outward tubular projection a is adapted to connect with the gas bracket or chandelier by a screw-thread or other tight connection, and the inward tubular projection a is preferably screw-threaded internally for connection of gas-induction pipe 0. This pipe rises centrally in vessel A and has an open upper end, which is internally screw threaded for receiving the clamping-screw E. A lateral opening 0 is also provided in the upper end of pipe 0 for escape of gas into vessel A. The cover B is provided with a circumferential flange m, having on its under face an annular sharp bead or rib 'n, for fitting into a groove of corresponding shape in the top of vessel A. A ring of soft metal contained in the groove is preferably set into the top of vessel A, so as to better make a tight joint with the rib of the cover. A lug bprojects from one edge of the cover for connection by means of a pivotal pin to the cars a" to form a hinge. A central perforated boss I) is cast with the cover and is reamed out at top to form a cup-like seat for the corresponding-shaped collar of the clamping-screw E. This screw takes into the screw-threaded end of tube 0, and thus secures the lid to its seat on top of vessel A. A lug or projection (Z is preferably cast with the heat -conducting plate D, and is cast hollow or is bored out to form a passage g, closed at its outer end by pluge and opening at its inner end into vessel A. An opening is made through projection (1 into passage g, and in this opening is secured gas-Suppl y pipe G, which extends downward and connects with the three-way valve H, to which connects the burner h. Pipe F connects tubular projection a with three-Way valve II, for conducting uncarbureted gas directly to the burn er.

Figs. 1 and 2 illustrate the play of the three way valve in two different positions, and it may evidently be turned in any desired position to admit carbureted or uncarbureted gas to the burner or to admit the two in any desired proportion for producing the light required.

The capillary fluid-conductor L is preferably formed of asbestus filaments bound together by a spirally -wound line Wire; but other fibrous capillary material niay be used, such as mineral wool, hemp, or jute, or fine wire suitably bound together. The conductor is preferably coiled once or twice in the bottom of vessel A, and is carried up through passage g and then down into pipe G, where it delivers the carbureting-fluid in uniform small quantities. The crystalline hydrocaricon is preferably supplied to the vessel A in the form of a cartridge cast or molded of suitable shape and size to fit into the vessel; but it may be supplied in lumps or sticks. The Wide open mouth of the vessel and large cover facilitate filling and cleaning and afford convenient means for inspection to see that everything is in proper condition for e'lfective operation.

The naphthaline cartridge having been inserted in vessel A, the cover is closed and clamped to its seat, so as to form a tight joint by turning screw E. By opening valve ll gas is admitted to the burner either directly through pipe F or through the carburetingvessel and pipe G. The heat of the flame quickly melts a portion of the solid hydro carbon and this carried by the capillary conductor into pipe G, where it imparts its illuminating-vapor to the down'f'lowing gas, valve H being so adjusted that all or a portion of the gas will flow by pipe 0 into vessel A above the charge of hydrocarbon, and thence down pipe G to the burner. Gas flowing over the top of the hydrocarbon will not take up enough of the vapor to carburet it to the desired degree; but thehydrocarbon carried by the capillary conductor is in a finely-divided state and is quickly vaporized in the hot pipe i, and the vapors pass most readily with the heavy gas down to the burner.

This earl)ureting-lamp is very compact and simple and requires no especial attention, but simply the turning of valve H, to regulate the size and character of the flame at the burner. By simply closing valve II the flame is extinguished and the carburetingdamp is immediately thrown out of use without danger or annoyance. The hydrocarbon remaining in the conductor is immediately vaporized upon relightin g the gas at the burner an d brilliant illumination quickly follows lighting up.

Having described my invention, what I claim, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, 1s

1. In a carbureting gas-lamp, the combination, with a burner-pipe extending downward from the top of the cz'irbureting-vessel and a burner attached to its lower end, of a capillary conductor leading from the carburetingvessel and extending down into such burnerpipe, for the purpose described.

2. In combination with the carbu reting-vessel, a supply-pipe delivering gas into it above the contained hydrocarbon, a burner-pipe extending downward from the top of the vessel, a connected burner, and a capillary conductor leading from the vessel and extending down into the burner-pipe.

In combination with the carbureting-vessel, the gas-supply pipe extending up through it and having its upper end screw-threaded, and a clamping-screw extending through the cover of the vessel and engaging with the upper end of the supply-pipe for securing the cover to its seat. v

4. The carbureting-vessel having a ring of soft metal in its top, in combination with the cover having an annular shanp rib or head adapted to make a tight joint with the ring of soft metal, the gas-supply pipe extending up through the carbureting -vessel, and a clamping-screw passing through the cover and engaging with the upper end of the supplypipe for securing the cover to its seat and making a tight joint, as described.

5. The carbureting-vessel having outward and inward tubular projections at its bottom for attachments to the gas-bracket, a supplypipe attached to the inner projection and extending up into the vessel near the cover, and means for connecting the cover to such pipe, a diluting-pipe connecting to the outer projection, a bu rner-pipe extending down ward from the top of the vessel, and a burner, all connecting with a three-way valve, for the purpose described.

In testimony whereof I affix my signature in presence of two witnesses.

ARTHUR KITSON.

\Vitnesses:

WM. E. DEIFEST, W. L. C. BAILEY. 

